Which of the following is NOT one of the elements that the government must prove to establish a violation of a law criminalizing false statements to government agencies?

Which of the following is NOT one of the elements that the government must prove to establish a violation of a law criminalizing false statements to government agencies?
A . The government relied on the false statement
B. The defendant knew the statement was false
C. The defendant made a false statement
D. The false statement was material

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Answer: A