What is the difference between policing and shaping?

What is the difference between policing and shaping?
A . Policing: Transmit and mark, then transmit the packets. Shaping: Buffer the exceeding packets.
B . Policing: Transmit the packets. Shaping: Buffer the exceeding packets.
C . Policing: Transmit, drop or mark, then transmit the packets. Shaping: Buffer the exceeding packets.
D . Policing: Buffer the exceeding packets. Shaping: Transmit and mark, then transmit the packets.

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Answer: C