101-500 Online Training Archives

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1. Which of the following information is stored within the BIOS? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

Boot device order

Linux kernel version

Timezone

Hardware configuration

The system's hostname

2. Which of the following options for the kernel's command line changes the systemd boot target to rescue.target instead of the default target?

systemd.target=rescue.target

systemd.runlevel=rescue.target

systemd.service=rescue.target

systemd.default=rescue.target

systemd.unit=rescue.target

3. CORRECT TEXT

You suspect that a new ethernet card might be conflicting with another device.

Which file should you check within the /proc tree to learn which IRQs are being used by which kernel drivers?

4. CORRECT TEXT

Which file in the /proc filesystem lists parameters passed from the bootloader to the kernel? (Specify the file name only without any path.)

5. During a system boot cycle, what program is executed after the BIOS completes its tasks?

The bootloader

The inetd program

The init program

The kernel

6. What information can the lspci command display about the system hardware? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

Device IRQ settings

PCI bus speed

System battery type

Device vendor identification

Ethernet MAC address

7. During a system boot cycle, what is the program that is run after the BIOS completes its tasks?

The bootloader

The inetd program

The init program

The kernel

8. CORRECT TEXT

The USB device filesystem can be found under /proc/______/usb/. (Please fill in the blank with the single word only)

9. The system is having trouble and the engineer wants to bypass the usual /sbin/init start up and run /bin/sh.

What is the usual way to pass this change to the kernel from your boot loader?

Start in runlevel 1.

Pass init=/bin/sh on the kernel parameter line.

Pass /bin/sh on the kernel parameter line.

Pass start=/bin/sh on the kernel parameter line.

10. What is the first program that is usually started, at boot time, by the Linux kernel when using SysV init?

/lib/init.so

/sbin/init

/etc/rc.d/rcinit

/proc/sys/kernel/init

/boot/init

Page 2 of 26

11. Which of the following kernel parameters instructs the kernel to suppress most boot messages?

silent

verbose=0

nomesg

quiet

12. The message "Hard Disk Error" is displayed on the screen during Stage 1 of the GRUB boot process.

What does this indicate?

The kernel was unable to execute /bin/init

The next Stage cannot be read from the hard disk because GRUB was unable to determine the size and geometry of the disk

One or more of the filesystems on the hard disk has errors and a filesystem check should be run

The BIOS was unable to read the necessary data from the Master Boot Record to begin the boot process

13. Which of the following commands will write a message to the terminals of all logged in users?

bcast

mesg

wall

yell

14. CORRECT TEXT

Which command will display messages from the kernel that were output during the normal boot sequence?

15. Which SysV init configuration file should be modified to disable the ctrl-alt-delete key combination?

/etc/keys

/proc/keys

/etc/inittab

/proc/inittab

/etc/reboot

16. Which of the following commands reboots the system when using SysV init? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

shutdown -r now

shutdown -r "rebooting"

telinit 6

telinit 0

shutdown -k now "rebooting"

17. Which run levels should never be declared as the default run level when using SysV init? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

18. Which of the following statements is correct when talking about /proc/?

All changes to files in /proc/ are stored in /etc/proc.d/ and restored on reboot.

All files within /proc/ are read-only and their contents cannot be changed.

All changes to files in /proc/ are immediately recognized by the kernel.

All files within /proc/ are only readable by the root user.

19. Which of the following are init systems used within Linux systems? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

startd

systemd

Upstart

SysInit

SysV init

20. Which of the following commands brings a system running SysV init into a state in which it is safe to perform maintenance tasks? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

shutdown -R 1 now

shutdown -single now

init 1

telinit 1

runlevel 1

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21. What of the following statements are true regarding /dev/ when using udev? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

Entries for all possible devices get created on boot even if those devices are not connected.

Additional rules for udev can be created by adding them to /etc/udev/rules.d/.

When using udev, it is not possible to create block orcharacter devices in /dev/ using mknod.

The /dev/ directory is a filesystem of type tmpfs and is mounted by udev during system startup.

The content of /dev/ is stored in /etc/udev/dev and is restored during system startup.

22. You are having some trouble with a disk partition and you need to do maintenance on this partition but your users home directories are on it and several are logged in.

Which command would disconnect the users and allow you to safely execute maintenance tasks?

telinit 1

shutdown -r now

killall -9 inetd

/bin/netstop --maint

/etc/rc.d/init.d/network stop

23. Topic 2, Linux Installation and Package Management

Which RPM command will output the name of the package which supplied the file /etc/exports?

rpm -F /etc/exports

rpm -qf /etc/exports

rpm -Kl /etc/exports

rpm -qp /etc/exports

rpm -qi/etc/exports

24. CORRECT TEXT

Which Debian package management tool asks the configuration questions for a specific already installed package just as if the package were being installed for the first time? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

25. Which of the following options is used in a GRUB Legacy configuration file to define the amount of time that the GRUB menu will be shown to the user?

hidemenu

splash

timeout

showmenu

26. When using rpm --verify to check files created during the installation of RPM packages, which of the following information is taken into consideration? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

Timestamps

MD5 checksums

Inodes

File sizes

GnuPG signatures

27. CORRECT TEXT

Which option to the yum command will update the entire system? (Specify ONLY the option name without any additional parameters.)

28. Which of the following commands can be used to perform a full text search on all available packages on a Debian system?

apt

apt-cache

apt-get

apt-search

dpkg

29. Which of the following is correct when talking about mount points?

Every existing directory can be used as a mount point.

Only empty directories can be used as a mount point.

Directories need to have the SetUID flag set to be used as a mount point.

Files within a directory are deleted when the directory is used as a mount point.

30. Which of the following commands is used to update the list of available packages when using dpkg based package management?

apt-get update

apt-get upgrade

apt-cache update

apt-get refresh

apt-cache upgrade

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31. You want to preview where the package file, apache-xml.i386.rpm, will install its files before installing it.

What command do you issue?

rpm -qp apache-xml.i386.rpm

rpm -qv apache-xml.i386.rpm

rpm -ql apache-xml.i386.rpm

rpm -qpl apache-xml.i386.rpm

32. CORRECT TEXT

Typically, which top level system directory is used for files and data that change regularly while the system is running and are to be kept between reboots? (Specify only the top level directory)

33. When removing a package, which of the following dpkg options will completely remove the files including configuration files?

--clean

--delete

--purge

Cremove

34. CORRECT TEXT

An administrator has issued the following command:

grub-install --root-directory=/custom-grub /dev/sda

In which directory will new configuration files be found? (Provide the full directory path only without the filename)

35. Which of the following commands updates the linker cache of shared libraries?

mkcache

soconfig

mkldconfig

lddconfig

ldconfig

36. CORRECT TEXT

Which command will disable swapping on a device? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

37. Which of the following commands lists the dependencies of a given dpkg package?

apt-cache depends-onpackage

apt-cache dependencies package

apt-cache depends package

apt-cache requires package

38. Which of the following environment variables overrides or extends the list of directories holding shared libraries?

LD_LOAD_PATH

LD_LIB_PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH

LD_SHARE_PATH

LD_RUN_PATH

39. CORRECT TEXT

To prevent users from being able to fill up the / partition, the ____________ directory should be on a separate partition if possible because it is world writeable.

40. CORRECT TEXT

In which directory must definition files be placed to add additional repositories to yum?

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41. CORRECT TEXT

Which world-writable directory should be placed on a separate partition in order to prevent users from being able to fill up the / filesystem? (Specify the full path to the directory.)

42. Which of the following commands lists all currently installed packages when using RPM

package management?

yum --query --all

yum --list --installed

rpm --query --all

rpm --list Cinstalled

43. Which file should be edited to select the network locations from which Debian installation package files are loaded?

/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg

/etc/apt/apt.conf

/etc/apt/apt.conf.d

/etc/apt/sources.list

/etc/dpkg/dselect.cfg

44. Which of the following apt-get commands will install the newest versions of all currently installed packages without removing any packages or installing new packages that are not already installed?

auto-update

upgrade

dist-upgrade

install

update

45. Which of the following commands overwrites the bootloader located on /dev/sda without overwriting the partition table or any data following it?

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=440 count=1

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=440

46. To what environment variable will you assign or append a value if you need to tell the dynamic linker to look in a build directory for some of a program's shared libraries?

LD_LOAD_PATH

LD_LIB_PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH

LD_SHARE_PATH

LD_RUN_PATH

47. CORRECT TEXT

What is the name of the main configuration file for GNU GRUB? (Specify the file name only without any path.)

48. What is the difference between the --remove and the --purge action with the dpkg command?

--remove removes the program, --purge also removes the config files

--remove only removes the program, --purge only removes the config files

--remove removes a package, --purge also removes all packages dependent on it

--remove removes only the package file itself, --purge removes all files related to the package

49. After modifying GNU GRUB's configuration file, which command must be run for the changes to take effect?

kill -HUP $(pidof grub)

grub-install

grub

No action is required

50. Which of the following commands can be used to download the RPM package kernel without installing it?

yum download --no-install kernel

yumdownloader kernel

rpm --download --package kernel

rpmdownload kernel

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51. Which function key is used to start Safe Mode in Windows NT?

F10

Windows NT does not support Safe Mode

52. CORRECT TEXT

The dpkg-____ command will ask configuration questions for a specified package, just as if the package were being installed for the first time.

53. What can the Logical Volume Manager (LVM) be used for? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

To create RAID 9 arrays.

To dynamically change the size of logical volumes.

To encrypt logical volumes.

To create snapshots.

To dynamically create or delete logical volumes.

54. Topic 3, GNU and Unix Commands

Which of the following characters can be combined with a separator string in order to read from the current input source until the separator string, which is on a separate line and without any trailing spaces, is reached?

55. Which of the following commands will NOT update the modify timestamp on the file /tmp/myfile.txt?

file /tmp/myfile.txt

echo "Hello" >/tmp/myfile.txt

sed -ie "s/1/2/" /tmp/myfile.txt

echo -n "Hello" >>/tmp/myfile.txt

touch/tmp/myfile.txt

56. Which of the following commands kills the process with the PID 123 but allows the process to "clean up" before exiting?

kill -PIPE 123

kill -KILL 123

kill -STOP 123

kill -TERM 123

57. What is the default nice level when a process is started using the nice command?

-10

58. What is the maximum niceness value that a regular user can assign to a process with the nice command when executing a new process?

59. You are trying to make a hard link to an ordinary file but ln returns an error.

Which of the following could cause this?

The source file is hidden.

The source file is read-only.

The source file is a shell script.

You do not own the source file.

The source and the target are on different filesystems.

60. Which of the following commands can be used to create a USB storage media from a disk image?

gdisk

fdisk

mount

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61. In compliance with the FHS, in which of the directories are man pages found?

/usr/share/man

/opt/man

/usr/doc/

/var/pkg/man

/var/man

62. What is the difference between the i and a commands of the vi editor?

i (interactive) requires the user to explicitly switch between vi modes whereas a (automatic) switches modesautomatically.

i (insert) inserts text before the current cursor position whereas a (append) inserts text after the cursor.

i (independent rows) starts every new line at the first character whereas a (aligned rows) keeps the indentation of the previous line.

i (interrupt) temporarily suspends editing of a file to the background whereas a (abort) terminates editing.

63. A user accidentally created the subdirectory dir in his home directory.

Which of the following commands will remove that directory?

rmdir '~/dir'

rmdir "~/dir"

rmdir ~/'dir'

rmdir ~/dir

rmdir ~/\dir

64. What does the + symbol mean in the following grep regular expression:

grep '^d[aei]+d$' /usr/share/dict/words

Match the preceding character set ([aei]) one or more times.

Match the preceding character set ([aei]) zero or more times.

Match the preceding character set ([aei]) zero or one times.

Match a literal + symbol.

65. What happens after issuing the command vi without any additional parameters?

vi starts and loads the last file used andmoves the cursor to the position where vi was when it last exited.

vi starts and requires the user to explicitly either create a new or load an existing file.

vi exits with an error message as it cannot be invoked without a file name to operate on.

vi starts in command mode and opens a new empty file.

vi starts and opens a new file which is filled with the content of the vi buffer if the buffer contains text.

66. CORRECT TEXT

Which command displays a list of all background tasks running in the current shell? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

67. Which of the following files, located in the user home directory, is used to store the Bash history?

.bash_history

.bash_histfile

.history

.bashrc_history

.history_bash

68. Which Bash environment variable defines in which file the user history is stored when exiting a Bash process? (Specify ONLY the variable name.)

69. Which of the following commands will print the last 10 lines of a text file to the standard output?

cat -n 10 filename

dump -n 10 filename

head -n 10 filename

tail -n 10 filename

70. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the command foo 1> bar?

The stdout from the command foo is appended to the file bar.

The stdout from the command foo overwrites the file bar.

The command foo receives its stdin from the file bar.

The command foo receives its stdin from the stdout of the command bar.

The stderr from the command foo is saved to the file bar.

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71. Which of the following commands displays the contents of a gzip compressed tar archive?

gzip archive.tgz | tar xvf

tar ztf archive.tgz

gzip -d archive.tgz | tar tvf

tar cf archive.tgz

72. Which of the following commands determines the type of a file by using a definition database file which contains information about all common file types?

magic

type

file

pmagic

hash

73. Which of the following commands prints all files and directories within the /tmp directory or its subdirectories which are also owned by the user root? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

find /tmp -uid root -print

find -path /tmp -uid root

find /tmp -user root -print

find /tmp -user root

find -path /tmp -user root Cprint

74. CORRECT TEXT

Which command is used in a Linux environment to create a new directory? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

75. In the vi editor, which of the following commands will copy the current line into the vi buffer?

76. While editing a file in vi, the file changes due to another process.

Without exiting vi, how can the file be reopened for editing with the new content?

77. What command will generate a list of user names from /etc/passwd along with their login shell?

column -s : 1,7 /etc/passwd

chop -c 1,7 /etc/passwd

colrm 1,7 /etc/passwd

cut -d: -f1,7 /etc/passwd

78. Which of the following commands moves and resumes in the background the last stopped shell job?

run

back

79. Which of the following commands is used to change options and positional parameters for

a running Bash?

history

set

bashconf

setsh

envsetup

80. What is the output of the following command?

echo "Hello World" | tr -d aieou

Hello World

eoo

Hll Wrld

eoo Hll Wrld

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81. Which of the following command sets the Bash variable named TEST with the content FOO?

set TEST="FOO"

TEST = "FOO"

var TEST="FOO"

TEST="FOO"

82. Which of the following commands will send output from the program myapp to both standard output (stdout) and the file file1.log?

cat < myapp | cat > file1.log

myapp 0>&1 | cat > file1.log

myapp | cat > file1.log

myapp | tee file1.log

tee myapp file1.log

83. Which of the following shell redirections will write standard output and standard error output to a file named filename?

2>&1 >filename

>filename 2>&1

1>&2>filename

>>filename

1&2>filename

84. Which of the following sequences in the vi editor saves the opened document and exits the editor? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

esc ZZ

ctrl :w!

esc zz

esc :wq!

ctrl XX

85. Which of the following commands can be used to determine how long the system has been running? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

uptime

top

uname -u

time Cup

86. Which of the following commands will reduce all consecutive spaces down to a single space?

tr 's' ' ' < a.txt > b.txt

tr -c ' ' < a.txt > b.txt

tr -d ' ' < a.txt > b.txt

tr -r ' ' '
' < a.txt > b.txt

tr -s ' '< a.txt > b.txt

87. From a Bash shell, which of the following commands directly executes the instruction from the file /usr/local/bin/runme.sh without starting a subshell? (Please select TWO answers.)

source /usr/local/bin/runme.sh

. /usr/local/bin/runme.sh

/bin/bash /usr/local/bin/runme.sh

/usr/local/bin/runme.sh

run /usr/local/bin/runme.sh

88. Which of the following commands prints a list of usernames (first column) and their primary group (fourth column) from the /etc/passwd file?

fmt -f 1,4 /etc/passwd

split -c 1,4 /etc/passwd

cut -d : -f 1,4 /etc/passwd

paste -f 1,4 /etc/passwd

89. When running the command

sed -e "s/a/b/" /tmp/file >/tmp/file

While /tmp/file contains data, why is /tmp/file empty afterwards?

The file order is incorrect. The destination file must be mentioned before the command to ensure redirection.

The command sed did not match anything in that file therefore the output is empty.

When the shell establishes the redirection it overwrites the target file before the redirected command starts and opens itfor reading.

Redirection for shell commands do not work using the > character. It only works using the | character instead.

90. Which of the following explanations are valid reasons to run a command in the background of your shell?

The command does not need to execute immediately.

The command has to run immediately but the user needs to log out.

The system is being shut down and the command needs to restart execution immediately after the reboot.

The command can run at a lower priority than normal commands run on the command line.

Page 10 of 26

91. Which grep command will print only the lines that do not end with a / in the file foo?

grep'/$' foo

grep '/#' foo

grep -v '/$' foo

grep -v '/#' foo

92. Topic 1, System Architecture

CORRECT TEXT

Which command displays the contents of the Kernel Ring Buffer on the command line? (Provide only the command name without any options or path information)

93. Topic 1, System Architecture

CORRECT TEXT

Which command displays the contents of the Kernel Ring Buffer on the command line? (Provide only the command name without any options or path information)

94. Which of the following information is stored within the BIOS? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

Boot device order

Linux kernel version

Timezone

Hardware configuration

The system's hostname

95. Which of the following options for the kernel's command line changes the systemd boot target to rescue.target instead of the default target?

systemd.target=rescue.target

systemd.runlevel=rescue.target

systemd.service=rescue.target

systemd.default=rescue.target

systemd.unit=rescue.target

96. CORRECT TEXT

You suspect that a new ethernet card might be conflicting with another device.

Which file should you check within the /proc tree to learn which IRQs are being used by which kernel drivers?

97. CORRECT TEXT

Which file in the /proc filesystem lists parameters passed from the bootloader to the kernel? (Specify the file name only without any path.)

98. During a system boot cycle, what program is executed after the BIOS completes its tasks?

The bootloader

The inetd program

The init program

The kernel

99. What information can the lspci command display about the system hardware? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

Device IRQ settings

PCI bus speed

System battery type

Device vendor identification

Ethernet MAC address

100. During a system boot cycle, what is the program that is run after the BIOS completes its tasks?

The bootloader

The inetd program

The init program

The kernel

Page 11 of 26

101. CORRECT TEXT

The USB device filesystem can be found under /proc/______/usb/. (Please fill in the blank with the single word only)

102. The system is having trouble and the engineer wants to bypass the usual /sbin/init start up and run /bin/sh.

What is the usual way to pass this change to the kernel from your boot loader?

Start in runlevel 1.

Pass init=/bin/sh on the kernel parameter line.

Pass /bin/sh on the kernel parameter line.

Pass start=/bin/sh on the kernel parameter line.

103. What is the first program that is usually started, at boot time, by the Linux kernel when using SysV init?

/lib/init.so

/sbin/init

/etc/rc.d/rcinit

/proc/sys/kernel/init

/boot/init

104. Which of the following kernel parameters instructs the kernel to suppress most boot messages?

silent

verbose=0

nomesg

quiet

105. The message "Hard Disk Error" is displayed on the screen during Stage 1 of the GRUB boot process.

What does this indicate?

The kernel was unable to execute /bin/init

The next Stage cannot be read from the hard disk because GRUB was unable to determine the size and geometry of the disk

One or more of the filesystems on the hard disk has errors and a filesystem check should be run

The BIOS was unable to read the necessary data from the Master Boot Record to begin the boot process

106. Which of the following commands will write a message to the terminals of all logged in users?

bcast

mesg

wall

yell

107. CORRECT TEXT

Which command will display messages from the kernel that were output during the normal boot sequence?

108. Which SysV init configuration file should be modified to disable the ctrl-alt-delete key combination?

/etc/keys

/proc/keys

/etc/inittab

/proc/inittab

/etc/reboot

109. Which of the following commands reboots the system when using SysV init? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

shutdown -r now

shutdown -r "rebooting"

telinit 6

telinit 0

shutdown -k now "rebooting"

110. Which run levels should never be declared as the default run level when using SysV init? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

Page 12 of 26

111. Which of the following statements is correct when talking about /proc/?

All changes to files in /proc/ are stored in /etc/proc.d/ and restored on reboot.

All files within /proc/ are read-only and their contents cannot be changed.

All changes to files in /proc/ are immediately recognized by the kernel.

All files within /proc/ are only readable by the root user.

112. Which of the following are init systems used within Linux systems? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

startd

systemd

Upstart

SysInit

SysV init

113. Which of the following commands brings a system running SysV init into a state in which it is safe to perform maintenance tasks? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

shutdown -R 1 now

shutdown -single now

init 1

telinit 1

runlevel 1

114. What of the following statements are true regarding /dev/ when using udev? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

Entries for all possible devices get created on boot even if those devices are not connected.

Additional rules for udev can be created by adding them to /etc/udev/rules.d/.

When using udev, it is not possible to create block orcharacter devices in /dev/ using mknod.

The /dev/ directory is a filesystem of type tmpfs and is mounted by udev during system startup.

The content of /dev/ is stored in /etc/udev/dev and is restored during system startup.

115. You are having some trouble with a disk partition and you need to do maintenance on this partition but your users home directories are on it and several are logged in.

Which command would disconnect the users and allow you to safely execute maintenance tasks?

telinit 1

shutdown -r now

killall -9 inetd

/bin/netstop --maint

/etc/rc.d/init.d/network stop

116. Topic 2, Linux Installation and Package Management

Which RPM command will output the name of the package which supplied the file /etc/exports?

rpm -F /etc/exports

rpm -qf /etc/exports

rpm -Kl /etc/exports

rpm -qp /etc/exports

rpm -qi/etc/exports

117. CORRECT TEXT

Which Debian package management tool asks the configuration questions for a specific already installed package just as if the package were being installed for the first time? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

118. Which of the following options is used in a GRUB Legacy configuration file to define the amount of time that the GRUB menu will be shown to the user?

hidemenu

splash

timeout

showmenu

119. When using rpm --verify to check files created during the installation of RPM packages, which of the following information is taken into consideration? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

Timestamps

MD5 checksums

Inodes

File sizes

GnuPG signatures

120. CORRECT TEXT

Which option to the yum command will update the entire system? (Specify ONLY the option name without any additional parameters.)

Page 13 of 26

121. Which of the following commands can be used to perform a full text search on all available packages on a Debian system?

apt

apt-cache

apt-get

apt-search

dpkg

122. Which of the following is correct when talking about mount points?

Every existing directory can be used as a mount point.

Only empty directories can be used as a mount point.

Directories need to have the SetUID flag set to be used as a mount point.

Files within a directory are deleted when the directory is used as a mount point.

123. Which of the following commands is used to update the list of available packages when using dpkg based package management?

apt-get update

apt-get upgrade

apt-cache update

apt-get refresh

apt-cache upgrade

124. You want to preview where the package file, apache-xml.i386.rpm, will install its files before installing it.

What command do you issue?

rpm -qp apache-xml.i386.rpm

rpm -qv apache-xml.i386.rpm

rpm -ql apache-xml.i386.rpm

rpm -qpl apache-xml.i386.rpm

125. CORRECT TEXT

Typically, which top level system directory is used for files and data that change regularly while the system is running and are to be kept between reboots? (Specify only the top level directory)

126. When removing a package, which of the following dpkg options will completely remove the files including configuration files?

--clean

--delete

--purge

Cremove

127. CORRECT TEXT

An administrator has issued the following command:

grub-install --root-directory=/custom-grub /dev/sda

In which directory will new configuration files be found? (Provide the full directory path only without the filename)

128. Which of the following commands updates the linker cache of shared libraries?

mkcache

soconfig

mkldconfig

lddconfig

ldconfig

129. CORRECT TEXT

Which command will disable swapping on a device? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

130. Which of the following commands lists the dependencies of a given dpkg package?

apt-cache depends-onpackage

apt-cache dependencies package

apt-cache depends package

apt-cache requires package

Page 14 of 26

131. Which of the following environment variables overrides or extends the list of directories holding shared libraries?

LD_LOAD_PATH

LD_LIB_PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH

LD_SHARE_PATH

LD_RUN_PATH

132. CORRECT TEXT

To prevent users from being able to fill up the / partition, the ____________ directory should be on a separate partition if possible because it is world writeable.

133. CORRECT TEXT

In which directory must definition files be placed to add additional repositories to yum?

134. CORRECT TEXT

Which world-writable directory should be placed on a separate partition in order to prevent users from being able to fill up the / filesystem? (Specify the full path to the directory.)

135. Which of the following commands lists all currently installed packages when using RPM

package management?

yum --query --all

yum --list --installed

rpm --query --all

rpm --list Cinstalled

136. Which file should be edited to select the network locations from which Debian installation package files are loaded?

/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg

/etc/apt/apt.conf

/etc/apt/apt.conf.d

/etc/apt/sources.list

/etc/dpkg/dselect.cfg

137. Which of the following apt-get commands will install the newest versions of all currently installed packages without removing any packages or installing new packages that are not already installed?

auto-update

upgrade

dist-upgrade

install

update

138. Which of the following commands overwrites the bootloader located on /dev/sda without overwriting the partition table or any data following it?

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=440 count=1

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=440

139. To what environment variable will you assign or append a value if you need to tell the dynamic linker to look in a build directory for some of a program's shared libraries?

LD_LOAD_PATH

LD_LIB_PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH

LD_SHARE_PATH

LD_RUN_PATH

140. CORRECT TEXT

What is the name of the main configuration file for GNU GRUB? (Specify the file name only without any path.)

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141. What is the difference between the --remove and the --purge action with the dpkg command?

--remove removes the program, --purge also removes the config files

--remove only removes the program, --purge only removes the config files

--remove removes a package, --purge also removes all packages dependent on it

--remove removes only the package file itself, --purge removes all files related to the package

142. After modifying GNU GRUB's configuration file, which command must be run for the changes to take effect?

kill -HUP $(pidof grub)

grub-install

grub

No action is required

143. Which of the following commands can be used to download the RPM package kernel without installing it?

yum download --no-install kernel

yumdownloader kernel

rpm --download --package kernel

rpmdownload kernel

144. Which function key is used to start Safe Mode in Windows NT?

F10

Windows NT does not support Safe Mode

145. CORRECT TEXT

The dpkg-____ command will ask configuration questions for a specified package, just as if the package were being installed for the first time.

146. What can the Logical Volume Manager (LVM) be used for? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

To create RAID 9 arrays.

To dynamically change the size of logical volumes.

To encrypt logical volumes.

To create snapshots.

To dynamically create or delete logical volumes.

147. Topic 3, GNU and Unix Commands

Which of the following characters can be combined with a separator string in order to read from the current input source until the separator string, which is on a separate line and without any trailing spaces, is reached?

148. Which of the following commands will NOT update the modify timestamp on the file /tmp/myfile.txt?

file /tmp/myfile.txt

echo "Hello" >/tmp/myfile.txt

sed -ie "s/1/2/" /tmp/myfile.txt

echo -n "Hello" >>/tmp/myfile.txt

touch/tmp/myfile.txt

149. Which of the following commands kills the process with the PID 123 but allows the process to "clean up" before exiting?

kill -PIPE 123

kill -KILL 123

kill -STOP 123

kill -TERM 123

150. What is the default nice level when a process is started using the nice command?

-10

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151. What is the maximum niceness value that a regular user can assign to a process with the nice command when executing a new process?

152. You are trying to make a hard link to an ordinary file but ln returns an error.

Which of the following could cause this?

The source file is hidden.

The source file is read-only.

The source file is a shell script.

You do not own the source file.

The source and the target are on different filesystems.

153. Which of the following commands can be used to create a USB storage media from a disk image?

gdisk

fdisk

mount

154. In compliance with the FHS, in which of the directories are man pages found?

/usr/share/man

/opt/man

/usr/doc/

/var/pkg/man

/var/man

155. What is the difference between the i and a commands of the vi editor?

i (interactive) requires the user to explicitly switch between vi modes whereas a (automatic) switches modesautomatically.

i (insert) inserts text before the current cursor position whereas a (append) inserts text after the cursor.

i (independent rows) starts every new line at the first character whereas a (aligned rows) keeps the indentation of the previous line.

i (interrupt) temporarily suspends editing of a file to the background whereas a (abort) terminates editing.

156. A user accidentally created the subdirectory dir in his home directory.

Which of the following commands will remove that directory?

rmdir '~/dir'

rmdir "~/dir"

rmdir ~/'dir'

rmdir ~/dir

rmdir ~/\dir

157. What does the + symbol mean in the following grep regular expression:

grep '^d[aei]+d$' /usr/share/dict/words

Match the preceding character set ([aei]) one or more times.

Match the preceding character set ([aei]) zero or more times.

Match the preceding character set ([aei]) zero or one times.

Match a literal + symbol.

158. What happens after issuing the command vi without any additional parameters?

vi starts and loads the last file used andmoves the cursor to the position where vi was when it last exited.

vi starts and requires the user to explicitly either create a new or load an existing file.

vi exits with an error message as it cannot be invoked without a file name to operate on.

vi starts in command mode and opens a new empty file.

vi starts and opens a new file which is filled with the content of the vi buffer if the buffer contains text.

159. CORRECT TEXT

Which command displays a list of all background tasks running in the current shell? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

160. Which of the following files, located in the user home directory, is used to store the Bash history?

.bash_history

.bash_histfile

.history

.bashrc_history

.history_bash

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161. Which Bash environment variable defines in which file the user history is stored when exiting a Bash process? (Specify ONLY the variable name.)

162. Which of the following commands will print the last 10 lines of a text file to the standard output?

cat -n 10 filename

dump -n 10 filename

head -n 10 filename

tail -n 10 filename

163. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the command foo 1> bar?

The stdout from the command foo is appended to the file bar.

The stdout from the command foo overwrites the file bar.

The command foo receives its stdin from the file bar.

The command foo receives its stdin from the stdout of the command bar.

The stderr from the command foo is saved to the file bar.

164. Which of the following commands displays the contents of a gzip compressed tar archive?

gzip archive.tgz | tar xvf

tar ztf archive.tgz

gzip -d archive.tgz | tar tvf

tar cf archive.tgz

165. Which of the following commands determines the type of a file by using a definition database file which contains information about all common file types?

magic

type

file

pmagic

hash

166. Which of the following commands prints all files and directories within the /tmp directory or its subdirectories which are also owned by the user root? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

find /tmp -uid root -print

find -path /tmp -uid root

find /tmp -user root -print

find /tmp -user root

find -path /tmp -user root Cprint

167. CORRECT TEXT

Which command is used in a Linux environment to create a new directory? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

168. In the vi editor, which of the following commands will copy the current line into the vi buffer?

169. While editing a file in vi, the file changes due to another process.

Without exiting vi, how can the file be reopened for editing with the new content?

170. What command will generate a list of user names from /etc/passwd along with their login shell?

column -s : 1,7 /etc/passwd

chop -c 1,7 /etc/passwd

colrm 1,7 /etc/passwd

cut -d: -f1,7 /etc/passwd

Page 18 of 26

171. Which of the following commands moves and resumes in the background the last stopped shell job?

run

back

172. Which of the following commands is used to change options and positional parameters for

a running Bash?

history

set

bashconf

setsh

envsetup

173. What is the output of the following command?

echo "Hello World" | tr -d aieou

Hello World

eoo

Hll Wrld

eoo Hll Wrld

174. Which of the following command sets the Bash variable named TEST with the content FOO?

set TEST="FOO"

TEST = "FOO"

var TEST="FOO"

TEST="FOO"

175. Which of the following information is stored within the BIOS? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

Boot device order

Linux kernel version

Timezone

Hardware configuration

The system's hostname

176. Which of the following options for the kernel's command line changes the systemd boot target to rescue.target instead of the default target?

systemd.target=rescue.target

systemd.runlevel=rescue.target

systemd.service=rescue.target

systemd.default=rescue.target

systemd.unit=rescue.target

177. CORRECT TEXT

You suspect that a new ethernet card might be conflicting with another device.

Which file should you check within the /proc tree to learn which IRQs are being used by which kernel drivers?

178. CORRECT TEXT

Which file in the /proc filesystem lists parameters passed from the bootloader to the kernel? (Specify the file name only without any path.)

179. During a system boot cycle, what program is executed after the BIOS completes its tasks?

The bootloader

The inetd program

The init program

The kernel

180. What information can the lspci command display about the system hardware? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

Device IRQ settings

PCI bus speed

System battery type

Device vendor identification

Ethernet MAC address

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181. During a system boot cycle, what is the program that is run after the BIOS completes its tasks?

The bootloader

The inetd program

The init program

The kernel

182. CORRECT TEXT

The USB device filesystem can be found under /proc/______/usb/. (Please fill in the blank with the single word only)

183. The system is having trouble and the engineer wants to bypass the usual /sbin/init start up and run /bin/sh.

What is the usual way to pass this change to the kernel from your boot loader?

Start in runlevel 1.

Pass init=/bin/sh on the kernel parameter line.

Pass /bin/sh on the kernel parameter line.

Pass start=/bin/sh on the kernel parameter line.

184. What is the first program that is usually started, at boot time, by the Linux kernel when using SysV init?

/lib/init.so

/sbin/init

/etc/rc.d/rcinit

/proc/sys/kernel/init

/boot/init

185. Which of the following kernel parameters instructs the kernel to suppress most boot messages?

silent

verbose=0

nomesg

quiet

186. The message "Hard Disk Error" is displayed on the screen during Stage 1 of the GRUB boot process.

What does this indicate?

The kernel was unable to execute /bin/init

The next Stage cannot be read from the hard disk because GRUB was unable to determine the size and geometry of the disk

One or more of the filesystems on the hard disk has errors and a filesystem check should be run

The BIOS was unable to read the necessary data from the Master Boot Record to begin the boot process

187. Which of the following commands will write a message to the terminals of all logged in users?

bcast

mesg

wall

yell

188. CORRECT TEXT

Which command will display messages from the kernel that were output during the normal boot sequence?

189. Which SysV init configuration file should be modified to disable the ctrl-alt-delete key combination?

/etc/keys

/proc/keys

/etc/inittab

/proc/inittab

/etc/reboot

190. Which of the following commands reboots the system when using SysV init? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

shutdown -r now

shutdown -r "rebooting"

telinit 6

telinit 0

shutdown -k now "rebooting"

Page 20 of 26

191. Which run levels should never be declared as the default run level when using SysV init? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

192. Which of the following statements is correct when talking about /proc/?

All changes to files in /proc/ are stored in /etc/proc.d/ and restored on reboot.

All files within /proc/ are read-only and their contents cannot be changed.

All changes to files in /proc/ are immediately recognized by the kernel.

All files within /proc/ are only readable by the root user.

193. Which of the following are init systems used within Linux systems? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

startd

systemd

Upstart

SysInit

SysV init

194. Which of the following commands brings a system running SysV init into a state in which it is safe to perform maintenance tasks? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

shutdown -R 1 now

shutdown -single now

init 1

telinit 1

runlevel 1

195. What of the following statements are true regarding /dev/ when using udev? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

Entries for all possible devices get created on boot even if those devices are not connected.

Additional rules for udev can be created by adding them to /etc/udev/rules.d/.

When using udev, it is not possible to create block orcharacter devices in /dev/ using mknod.

The /dev/ directory is a filesystem of type tmpfs and is mounted by udev during system startup.

The content of /dev/ is stored in /etc/udev/dev and is restored during system startup.

196. You are having some trouble with a disk partition and you need to do maintenance on this partition but your users home directories are on it and several are logged in.

Which command would disconnect the users and allow you to safely execute maintenance tasks?

telinit 1

shutdown -r now

killall -9 inetd

/bin/netstop --maint

/etc/rc.d/init.d/network stop

197. Topic 2, Linux Installation and Package Management

Which RPM command will output the name of the package which supplied the file /etc/exports?

rpm -F /etc/exports

rpm -qf /etc/exports

rpm -Kl /etc/exports

rpm -qp /etc/exports

rpm -qi/etc/exports

198. CORRECT TEXT

Which Debian package management tool asks the configuration questions for a specific already installed package just as if the package were being installed for the first time? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

199. Which of the following options is used in a GRUB Legacy configuration file to define the amount of time that the GRUB menu will be shown to the user?

hidemenu

splash

timeout

showmenu

200. When using rpm --verify to check files created during the installation of RPM packages, which of the following information is taken into consideration? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

Timestamps

MD5 checksums

Inodes

File sizes

GnuPG signatures

Page 21 of 26

201. CORRECT TEXT

Which option to the yum command will update the entire system? (Specify ONLY the option name without any additional parameters.)

202. Which of the following commands can be used to perform a full text search on all available packages on a Debian system?

apt

apt-cache

apt-get

apt-search

dpkg

203. Which of the following is correct when talking about mount points?

Every existing directory can be used as a mount point.

Only empty directories can be used as a mount point.

Directories need to have the SetUID flag set to be used as a mount point.

Files within a directory are deleted when the directory is used as a mount point.

204. Which of the following commands is used to update the list of available packages when using dpkg based package management?

apt-get update

apt-get upgrade

apt-cache update

apt-get refresh

apt-cache upgrade

205. You want to preview where the package file, apache-xml.i386.rpm, will install its files before installing it.

What command do you issue?

rpm -qp apache-xml.i386.rpm

rpm -qv apache-xml.i386.rpm

rpm -ql apache-xml.i386.rpm

rpm -qpl apache-xml.i386.rpm

206. CORRECT TEXT

Typically, which top level system directory is used for files and data that change regularly while the system is running and are to be kept between reboots? (Specify only the top level directory)

207. When removing a package, which of the following dpkg options will completely remove the files including configuration files?

--clean

--delete

--purge

Cremove

208. CORRECT TEXT

An administrator has issued the following command:

grub-install --root-directory=/custom-grub /dev/sda

In which directory will new configuration files be found? (Provide the full directory path only without the filename)

209. Which of the following commands updates the linker cache of shared libraries?

mkcache

soconfig

mkldconfig

lddconfig

ldconfig

210. CORRECT TEXT

Which command will disable swapping on a device? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

Page 22 of 26

211. Which of the following commands lists the dependencies of a given dpkg package?

apt-cache depends-onpackage

apt-cache dependencies package

apt-cache depends package

apt-cache requires package

212. Which of the following environment variables overrides or extends the list of directories holding shared libraries?

LD_LOAD_PATH

LD_LIB_PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH

LD_SHARE_PATH

LD_RUN_PATH

213. CORRECT TEXT

To prevent users from being able to fill up the / partition, the ____________ directory should be on a separate partition if possible because it is world writeable.

214. CORRECT TEXT

In which directory must definition files be placed to add additional repositories to yum?

215. CORRECT TEXT

Which world-writable directory should be placed on a separate partition in order to prevent users from being able to fill up the / filesystem? (Specify the full path to the directory.)

216. Which of the following commands lists all currently installed packages when using RPM

package management?

yum --query --all

yum --list --installed

rpm --query --all

rpm --list Cinstalled

217. Which file should be edited to select the network locations from which Debian installation package files are loaded?

/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg

/etc/apt/apt.conf

/etc/apt/apt.conf.d

/etc/apt/sources.list

/etc/dpkg/dselect.cfg

218. Which of the following apt-get commands will install the newest versions of all currently installed packages without removing any packages or installing new packages that are not already installed?

auto-update

upgrade

dist-upgrade

install

update

219. Which of the following commands overwrites the bootloader located on /dev/sda without overwriting the partition table or any data following it?

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=440 count=1

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=440

220. To what environment variable will you assign or append a value if you need to tell the dynamic linker to look in a build directory for some of a program's shared libraries?

LD_LOAD_PATH

LD_LIB_PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH

LD_SHARE_PATH

LD_RUN_PATH

Page 23 of 26

221. CORRECT TEXT

What is the name of the main configuration file for GNU GRUB? (Specify the file name only without any path.)

222. What is the difference between the --remove and the --purge action with the dpkg command?

--remove removes the program, --purge also removes the config files

--remove only removes the program, --purge only removes the config files

--remove removes a package, --purge also removes all packages dependent on it

--remove removes only the package file itself, --purge removes all files related to the package

223. After modifying GNU GRUB's configuration file, which command must be run for the changes to take effect?

kill -HUP $(pidof grub)

grub-install

grub

No action is required

224. Which of the following commands can be used to download the RPM package kernel without installing it?

yum download --no-install kernel

yumdownloader kernel

rpm --download --package kernel

rpmdownload kernel

225. Which function key is used to start Safe Mode in Windows NT?

F10

Windows NT does not support Safe Mode

226. CORRECT TEXT

The dpkg-____ command will ask configuration questions for a specified package, just as if the package were being installed for the first time.

227. What can the Logical Volume Manager (LVM) be used for? (Choose THREE correct answers.)

To create RAID 9 arrays.

To dynamically change the size of logical volumes.

To encrypt logical volumes.

To create snapshots.

To dynamically create or delete logical volumes.

228. Topic 3, GNU and Unix Commands

Which of the following characters can be combined with a separator string in order to read from the current input source until the separator string, which is on a separate line and without any trailing spaces, is reached?

229. Which of the following commands will NOT update the modify timestamp on the file /tmp/myfile.txt?

file /tmp/myfile.txt

echo "Hello" >/tmp/myfile.txt

sed -ie "s/1/2/" /tmp/myfile.txt

echo -n "Hello" >>/tmp/myfile.txt

touch/tmp/myfile.txt

230. Which of the following commands kills the process with the PID 123 but allows the process to "clean up" before exiting?

kill -PIPE 123

kill -KILL 123

kill -STOP 123

kill -TERM 123

Page 24 of 26

231. What is the default nice level when a process is started using the nice command?

-10

232. What is the maximum niceness value that a regular user can assign to a process with the nice command when executing a new process?

233. You are trying to make a hard link to an ordinary file but ln returns an error.

Which of the following could cause this?

The source file is hidden.

The source file is read-only.

The source file is a shell script.

You do not own the source file.

The source and the target are on different filesystems.

234. Which of the following commands can be used to create a USB storage media from a disk image?

gdisk

fdisk

mount

235. In compliance with the FHS, in which of the directories are man pages found?

/usr/share/man

/opt/man

/usr/doc/

/var/pkg/man

/var/man

236. What is the difference between the i and a commands of the vi editor?

i (interactive) requires the user to explicitly switch between vi modes whereas a (automatic) switches modesautomatically.

i (insert) inserts text before the current cursor position whereas a (append) inserts text after the cursor.

i (independent rows) starts every new line at the first character whereas a (aligned rows) keeps the indentation of the previous line.

i (interrupt) temporarily suspends editing of a file to the background whereas a (abort) terminates editing.

237. A user accidentally created the subdirectory dir in his home directory.

Which of the following commands will remove that directory?

rmdir '~/dir'

rmdir "~/dir"

rmdir ~/'dir'

rmdir ~/dir

rmdir ~/\dir

238. What does the + symbol mean in the following grep regular expression:

grep '^d[aei]+d$' /usr/share/dict/words

Match the preceding character set ([aei]) one or more times.

Match the preceding character set ([aei]) zero or more times.

Match the preceding character set ([aei]) zero or one times.

Match a literal + symbol.

239. What happens after issuing the command vi without any additional parameters?

vi starts and loads the last file used andmoves the cursor to the position where vi was when it last exited.

vi starts and requires the user to explicitly either create a new or load an existing file.

vi exits with an error message as it cannot be invoked without a file name to operate on.

vi starts in command mode and opens a new empty file.

vi starts and opens a new file which is filled with the content of the vi buffer if the buffer contains text.

240. CORRECT TEXT

Which command displays a list of all background tasks running in the current shell? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

Page 25 of 26

241. Which of the following files, located in the user home directory, is used to store the Bash history?

.bash_history

.bash_histfile

.history

.bashrc_history

.history_bash

242. Which Bash environment variable defines in which file the user history is stored when exiting a Bash process? (Specify ONLY the variable name.)

243. Which of the following commands will print the last 10 lines of a text file to the standard output?

cat -n 10 filename

dump -n 10 filename

head -n 10 filename

tail -n 10 filename

244. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the command foo 1> bar?

The stdout from the command foo is appended to the file bar.

The stdout from the command foo overwrites the file bar.

The command foo receives its stdin from the file bar.

The command foo receives its stdin from the stdout of the command bar.

The stderr from the command foo is saved to the file bar.

245. Which of the following commands displays the contents of a gzip compressed tar archive?

gzip archive.tgz | tar xvf

tar ztf archive.tgz

gzip -d archive.tgz | tar tvf

tar cf archive.tgz

246. Which of the following commands determines the type of a file by using a definition database file which contains information about all common file types?

magic

type

file

pmagic

hash

247. Which of the following commands prints all files and directories within the /tmp directory or its subdirectories which are also owned by the user root? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

find /tmp -uid root -print

find -path /tmp -uid root

find /tmp -user root -print

find /tmp -user root

find -path /tmp -user root Cprint

248. CORRECT TEXT

Which command is used in a Linux environment to create a new directory? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

249. In the vi editor, which of the following commands will copy the current line into the vi buffer?

250. While editing a file in vi, the file changes due to another process.

Without exiting vi, how can the file be reopened for editing with the new content?

Page 26 of 26

251. What command will generate a list of user names from /etc/passwd along with their login shell?

column -s : 1,7 /etc/passwd

chop -c 1,7 /etc/passwd

colrm 1,7 /etc/passwd

cut -d: -f1,7 /etc/passwd

252. Which of the following commands moves and resumes in the background the last stopped shell job?

run

back

253. Which of the following commands is used to change options and positional parameters for

a running Bash?

history

set

bashconf

setsh

envsetup

254. What is the output of the following command?

echo "Hello World" | tr -d aieou

Hello World

eoo

Hll Wrld

eoo Hll Wrld

255. Which of the following command sets the Bash variable named TEST with the content FOO?

set TEST="FOO"

TEST = "FOO"

var TEST="FOO"

TEST="FOO"

256. Topic 1, System Architecture

CORRECT TEXT

Which command displays the contents of the Kernel Ring Buffer on the command line? (Provide only the command name without any options or path information)