Question #1
Financial sanctions are restrictions put in place by the UN, EU or UK to do which of the following?
- A . Limit the provision of certain financial services
- B . Restrict access to financial markets
- C . Limit the amount of sanctioned trades
- D . Restrict access to funds and economic resources
- E . Conserve sudden financial spikes in the economy
Correct Answer: A,B,D
A,B,D
Explanation:
Financial sanctions are restrictions put in place by the UN, EU or UK to achieve a specific foreign policy or national security objective.
They can:
• limit the provision of certain financial services
• restrict access to financial markets, funds and economic resources.
A,B,D
Explanation:
Financial sanctions are restrictions put in place by the UN, EU or UK to achieve a specific foreign policy or national security objective.
They can:
• limit the provision of certain financial services
• restrict access to financial markets, funds and economic resources.
Question #2
A relevant institutions must inform OFSI without delay whenever it credits a frozen account with which of the following?
- A . Payments made without the prior consent of the legal person or designated person
- B . Payments due under prior contracts
- C . Funds transferred to an account by a third party
- D . Payments made under judicial decisions rendered in an EU member state
- E . Funds dealing with breaches of licensing conditions
Correct Answer: B,C,D
B,C,D
Explanation:
A relevant institutions must inform OFSI without delay whenever it credits a frozen account with:
• payments due under prior contracts
• payments made under judicial decisions rendered in an EU member state
• funds transferred to an account by a third party
B,C,D
Explanation:
A relevant institutions must inform OFSI without delay whenever it credits a frozen account with:
• payments due under prior contracts
• payments made under judicial decisions rendered in an EU member state
• funds transferred to an account by a third party
Question #3
Which of the following highlights how the Act is different from Rule 11 as amended in 1993?
- A . The Act changes the procedure for imposing Rule 11 sanctions and it makes sanctions mandatory, removing any discretion from the district courts
- B . The Act presumes that the opposing party’s attorneys’ fees will be the sanction, rejecting the focus on deterrence reflected in Rule 11
- C . The Act does not change the procedure for imposing Rule 11 sanctions and it makes sanctions mandatory, removing any discretion from the district courts
- D . The Act does not presume that the opposing party’s attorneys’ fees will be the sanction, rejecting the focus on deterrence reflected in Rule 11
Correct Answer: A,B
A,B
Explanation:
The differences between the Act and Rule 11 as amended in 1993 are substantial. The Act changes the procedure for imposing Rule 11 sanctions and it makes sanctions mandatory, removing any discretion from the district courts. In addition, the Act presumes that the opposing party’s attorneys’ fees will be the sanction, rejecting the focus on deterrence reflected in Rule 11.
A,B
Explanation:
The differences between the Act and Rule 11 as amended in 1993 are substantial. The Act changes the procedure for imposing Rule 11 sanctions and it makes sanctions mandatory, removing any discretion from the district courts. In addition, the Act presumes that the opposing party’s attorneys’ fees will be the sanction, rejecting the focus on deterrence reflected in Rule 11.
Question #4
Information must be which of the following in order to be useful?
- A . Definable
- B . Accessible
- C . Measurable
- D . Comparable
- E . Justifiable
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
A,B,C,D
Explanation:
To be useful, information must be:
Definable
Comparable
Measurable
Accessible
Representative of a defined population
A,B,C,D
Explanation:
To be useful, information must be:
Definable
Comparable
Measurable
Accessible
Representative of a defined population
Question #5
The dverse impact of unilateral sanctions on basic human rights of the citizens of the targeted States such as the following is manifest except?
- A . the rights to food
- B . the rights to health
- C . the rights to life
- D . the rights to religion
- E . the rights to access to medicine
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
The adverse impact of unilateral sanctions on basic human rights of the citizens of the targeted States― like the rights to life, to food, to health and access to medicine, as well as the rights to self-determination and to development―is manifest
D
Explanation:
The adverse impact of unilateral sanctions on basic human rights of the citizens of the targeted States― like the rights to life, to food, to health and access to medicine, as well as the rights to self-determination and to development―is manifest
Question #6
Asset freezing legislation generally permits a person to make the following payments into a frozen account without the need for a licence from OFSI, so long as those funds are frozen after being paid in which of the following?
- A . Any interest on the account
- B . Any earnings on the account
- C . Any payments due to a designated person under contracts
- D . Any agreement or obligations that were concluded or arose before the date the person became sanctioned
- E . Any trademarks and patents created within the account
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
Asset freezing legislation generally permits a person to make the following payments into a frozen account without the need for a licence from OFSI, so long as those funds are frozen after being paid in:
• any interest or earnings on the account
• any payments due to a designated person under contracts, agreement or obligations that were concluded or arose before the date the person became sanctioned
A
Explanation:
Asset freezing legislation generally permits a person to make the following payments into a frozen account without the need for a licence from OFSI, so long as those funds are frozen after being paid in:
• any interest or earnings on the account
• any payments due to a designated person under contracts, agreement or obligations that were concluded or arose before the date the person became sanctioned
Question #7
Article 51(4) of Additional Protocol I provides that attacks that are indiscriminate if they do the following except?
- A . are not directed at a specific military objective
- B . manifesting unlawful action for any economic sanctions program to specifically target civilians
- C . employ a method or means of combat, the effects of which cannot be limited as required by Additional Protocol I.
- D . employ a method or means of combat which cannot be directed at a specific military objective
- E . None of the above
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
Article 51(4) of Additional Protocol I provides that attacks that are indiscriminate if they:
(1) are not directed at a specific military objective;
(2) employ a method or means of combat which cannot be directed at a specific military objective; or
(3) employ a method or means of combat, the effects of which cannot be limited as required by Additional Protocol I.
B
Explanation:
Article 51(4) of Additional Protocol I provides that attacks that are indiscriminate if they:
(1) are not directed at a specific military objective;
(2) employ a method or means of combat which cannot be directed at a specific military objective; or
(3) employ a method or means of combat, the effects of which cannot be limited as required by Additional Protocol I.
Question #8
Dealing with economic resources generally means using the economic resources to obtain funds, goods, or services in the following way except?
- A . Selling them
- B . Trading them
- C . Hiring them
- D . Mortgaging them
- E . Investing them
Correct Answer: B,E
B,E
Explanation:
Dealing with economic resources generally means using the economic resources to obtain funds, goods, or services in any way, including, but not limited to, by selling, hiring or mortgaging them.
B,E
Explanation:
Dealing with economic resources generally means using the economic resources to obtain funds, goods, or services in any way, including, but not limited to, by selling, hiring or mortgaging them.
Question #9
Which of the following are the type of offenders are in boot camps?
- A . Young, nonviolent, and drug possession inmates
- B . Boot camps are only for juveniles, there are no adult boot camps
- C . Only violent offenders who failed in other programs
- D . Mostly hardened criminals who have failed everywhere else in the system
- E . All of the above
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
Young, nonviolent, and drug possession inmates are the type of offenders are in boot camps
A
Explanation:
Young, nonviolent, and drug possession inmates are the type of offenders are in boot camps
Question #10
What does UNICEF stand for?
- A . United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund
- B . World Health Organization
- C . Social, Cultural and Humanitarian
- D . Pakistan National Assembly
- E . Formun
Correct Answer: A
Question #11
Where is OFAC located?
- A . India
- B . The Islamic Republic of Pakistan
- C . Washington DC
- D . Iraq
- E . United Kingdom
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
OFAC stands for the Office of Foreign Assets Control, an office of the Department of the Treasury
C
Explanation:
OFAC stands for the Office of Foreign Assets Control, an office of the Department of the Treasury
Question #12
Which of the following statements is not true about Pro se litigants:
- A . Pro se litigants are required to sign their own to papers filed in court
- B . Pro se litigants are unrepresented by counsel
- C . Pro se litigants are not subject to Rule 11
- D . Pro se litigants do not benefit from the amended rule provision shielding represented parties from sanctions for frivolous legal arguments
- E . The amended rule provision shielding represented parties from sanctions for frivolous legal arguments does not apply to pro se litigants
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
Pro se litigants must conduct the inquiries required by Rule 11. The rule requires them to sign their own names to papers filed in court, and because they are unrepresented by counsel, they are “responsible” for any violations. Moreover, the amended rule provision shielding represented parties from sanctions for frivolous legal arguments does not apply to pro se litigants.
C
Explanation:
Pro se litigants must conduct the inquiries required by Rule 11. The rule requires them to sign their own names to papers filed in court, and because they are unrepresented by counsel, they are “responsible” for any violations. Moreover, the amended rule provision shielding represented parties from sanctions for frivolous legal arguments does not apply to pro se litigants.
Question #13
Where the financial sanction is an asset freeze, it doesn’t involve which of the following:
- A . There is no change in ownership of the frozen funds or economic resources
- B . The frozen funds or economic resources are confiscated or transferred to OFSI for safekeeping
- C . There is a change in ownership of the frozen funds or economic resources
- D . The frozen funds or economic resources are not confiscated or transferred to OFSI for safekeeping
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
An asset freeze does not involve a change in ownership of the frozen funds or economic resources, nor are they confiscated or transferred to OFSI for safekeeping.
C
Explanation:
An asset freeze does not involve a change in ownership of the frozen funds or economic resources, nor are they confiscated or transferred to OFSI for safekeeping.
Question #14
The Council noted that, in order to ensure that Iraq did not increase its capacity to re-arm, states were required to continue to prevent the sale, supply, or provision to Iraq.
Which of the following items is NOT included in this?
- A . arms and related material
- B . nuclear weapons and activities such as nuclear testing
- C . items relating to chemical and biological weapons, ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150km, and nuclear weapons
- D . technology relating to arms and related material, chemical and biological weapons, ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150km, and nuclear weapons
- E . personnel or training or technical support services relating to arms and related material, chemical and biological weapons, ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150km, and nuclear weapons
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
It includes:
• arms and related material
• items relating to chemical and biological weapons, ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150km, and nuclear weapons
• technology relating to arms and related material, chemical and biological weapons, ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150km, and nuclear weapons
• personnel or training or technical support services relating to arms and related material, chemical and biological weapons, ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150km, and nuclear weapons
B
Explanation:
It includes:
• arms and related material
• items relating to chemical and biological weapons, ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150km, and nuclear weapons
• technology relating to arms and related material, chemical and biological weapons, ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150km, and nuclear weapons
• personnel or training or technical support services relating to arms and related material, chemical and biological weapons, ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150km, and nuclear weapons
Question #15
A state’s preference for using economic incentives versus sanctions are a function of its policy objectives and the tradeoff between concerns regarding the effectiveness of incentives and the political externalities of their use.
What is the economic statecraft beneficial for?
- A . To achieve global peace
- B . To achieve a noble prize
- C . To buy most land
- D . Used for money laundering
- E . To achieve a variety of substantive and symbolic objects
Correct Answer: E
E
Explanation:
A state’s preference for using economic incentives versus sanctions are a function of its policy objectives and the tradeoff between concerns regarding the effectiveness of incentives and the political externalities of their use. Economic statecraft can be used by a sender to achieve a variety of substantive and symbolic objects.
E
Explanation:
A state’s preference for using economic incentives versus sanctions are a function of its policy objectives and the tradeoff between concerns regarding the effectiveness of incentives and the political externalities of their use. Economic statecraft can be used by a sender to achieve a variety of substantive and symbolic objects.
Question #16
What is the reason why non-members including the Republic of Korea, have taken steps to implement various sanctions regimes?
- A . Because they want to lessen aggression between countries.
- B . Because they felt more than a moral obligation to apply sanctions.
- C . Because they are mandated by the Security Council.
- D . In order to help maintain or restore international peace and security.
- E . In order to promote and advocate peace.
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
A number of non-members, including the Republic of Korea (prior to becoming a UN member), Switzerland (also prior to becoming a UN member), and The Holy See, have taken steps to implement various sanctions regimes, suggesting that they felt more than a moral obligation to apply sanctions.
A
Explanation:
A number of non-members, including the Republic of Korea (prior to becoming a UN member), Switzerland (also prior to becoming a UN member), and The Holy See, have taken steps to implement various sanctions regimes, suggesting that they felt more than a moral obligation to apply sanctions.
Question #17
According to the assessment of Humanitarian vulnerability, the following are often more vulnerable, may be discriminated against and have lower incomes except?
- A . Refugees
- B . The poor
- C . Disadvantaged ethnic groups
- D . The elderly
- E . The disabled
Correct Answer: E
E
Explanation:
Women, children, disadvantaged ethnic groups, the poor, the elderly and refugees are often more vulnerable, may be discriminated against and have lower incomes.
E
Explanation:
Women, children, disadvantaged ethnic groups, the poor, the elderly and refugees are often more vulnerable, may be discriminated against and have lower incomes.
Question #18
Which of the following schemes demonstrates unilateral coercive measures that have a negative effect on the basic means of survival?
- A . Immunity of ESC-rights to economic sanctions.
- B . Human rights objectives.
- C . The friction of international law.
- D . Impact of international human rights law.
- E . The right to impose financial sanctions.
Correct Answer: A,D
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
Question #18
Which of the following schemes demonstrates unilateral coercive measures that have a negative effect on the basic means of survival?
- A . Immunity of ESC-rights to economic sanctions.
- B . Human rights objectives.
- C . The friction of international law.
- D . Impact of international human rights law.
- E . The right to impose financial sanctions.
Correct Answer: A,D
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
Question #18
Which of the following schemes demonstrates unilateral coercive measures that have a negative effect on the basic means of survival?
- A . Immunity of ESC-rights to economic sanctions.
- B . Human rights objectives.
- C . The friction of international law.
- D . Impact of international human rights law.
- E . The right to impose financial sanctions.
Correct Answer: A,D
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
Question #18
Which of the following schemes demonstrates unilateral coercive measures that have a negative effect on the basic means of survival?
- A . Immunity of ESC-rights to economic sanctions.
- B . Human rights objectives.
- C . The friction of international law.
- D . Impact of international human rights law.
- E . The right to impose financial sanctions.
Correct Answer: A,D
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
Question #18
Which of the following schemes demonstrates unilateral coercive measures that have a negative effect on the basic means of survival?
- A . Immunity of ESC-rights to economic sanctions.
- B . Human rights objectives.
- C . The friction of international law.
- D . Impact of international human rights law.
- E . The right to impose financial sanctions.
Correct Answer: A,D
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
Question #18
Which of the following schemes demonstrates unilateral coercive measures that have a negative effect on the basic means of survival?
- A . Immunity of ESC-rights to economic sanctions.
- B . Human rights objectives.
- C . The friction of international law.
- D . Impact of international human rights law.
- E . The right to impose financial sanctions.
Correct Answer: A,D
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
A,D
Explanation:
The present state of international law in the recently published Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL) furnishes evidence that States and international organs, including the UNSC, must refrain from adopting unilateral coercive measures that have negative effect on the basic means of survival.
This will be demonstrated on the basis of the following scheme:
Question #24
Economic sanctions are most likely to accomplish substantial objectives when:
- A . The target is least reliant on the sender.
- B . The target is more reliant on the sender than the sender on the target.
- C . The sender is more reliant on the target than the target on the sender.
- D . The sender is more reliant on the target than the target on the sender.
- E . Both are equally dependent on each other.
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
Economic sanctions are more likely to accomplish concrete goals when the goal is more contingent on the sender than the sender is on the recipient, whereas they are more likely to reach abstract aims when the sender is more contingent on the goal than the recipient is on the sender. When the purpose of a single act of economic statecraft is to accomplish both symbolic and practical goals, then all parties must be dependent on each other.
B
Explanation:
Economic sanctions are more likely to accomplish concrete goals when the goal is more contingent on the sender than the sender is on the recipient, whereas they are more likely to reach abstract aims when the sender is more contingent on the goal than the recipient is on the sender. When the purpose of a single act of economic statecraft is to accomplish both symbolic and practical goals, then all parties must be dependent on each other.
Question #25
Which exogenous events sporadically derailed the changes in general of punishing Cuba?
- A . Democratic presidential nomination
- B . Capture by Iranian-backed terrorists of US hostages
- C . Burglar arrest at the Democratic National Committee office
- D . Cuban air force shooting down US aircraft
- E . Competition over Florida’s electoral votes in the 1992 presidential election
Correct Answer: D,E
D,E
Explanation:
Exogenous events including competition over Florida’s electoral votes in the 1992 presidential election, and the shooting down of American aircraft by the Cuban air force, sporadically derailed these general changes.These events gave priority to the symbolic goal of punishing Cuba and produced significant but short-term negative political externalities that discouraged the US government from using economic incentives.
D,E
Explanation:
Exogenous events including competition over Florida’s electoral votes in the 1992 presidential election, and the shooting down of American aircraft by the Cuban air force, sporadically derailed these general changes.These events gave priority to the symbolic goal of punishing Cuba and produced significant but short-term negative political externalities that discouraged the US government from using economic incentives.
Question #26
According to OFSI, how long does it typically take to get a license?
- A . One week
- B . Two weeks
- C . Three weeks
- D . Four weeks
- E . Up to two months
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
OFSI aims to engage with applicants on the substance of completed applications within four weeks.
D
Explanation:
OFSI aims to engage with applicants on the substance of completed applications within four weeks.
Question #27
Economic sanctions are typically conceived of as foreign policy tools aimed at influencing another nation, they are a type of coercive diplomacy.
What is coercive diplomacy generally defined as?
- A . Forceful persuasion
- B . Public announcement
- C . An effort to use some sort of coercion to stop another nation’s actions
- D . Decision made by voting
- E . An effort to amend a certain law
Correct Answer: A,C
A,C
Explanation:
Coercive diplomacy is generally defined as an effort to use some sort of coercion (be it military, economic, or diplomatic) to persuade, deter, compel, or stop another nation’s actions. Since both military and economic sanctions share this characteristic, it seems quite possible that the general theories and models used to explain the use of force by states can also be applied to the decision to adopt and alter economic sanctions.
A,C
Explanation:
Coercive diplomacy is generally defined as an effort to use some sort of coercion (be it military, economic, or diplomatic) to persuade, deter, compel, or stop another nation’s actions. Since both military and economic sanctions share this characteristic, it seems quite possible that the general theories and models used to explain the use of force by states can also be applied to the decision to adopt and alter economic sanctions.
Question #28
There has been considerable debate on who, and what agencies, should undertake assessments of the humanitarian implications of sanctions, especially when the sanctions are imposed by which of the following?
- A . National Humanitarian Organization
- B . International Labour Organization
- C . World Health Organization
- D . The United Nations
- E . All of the above
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
There has been considerable debate on who, and what agencies, should undertake assessments of the humanitarian implications of sanctions, especially when the sanctions are imposed by the United Nations.
C
Explanation:
There has been considerable debate on who, and what agencies, should undertake assessments of the humanitarian implications of sanctions, especially when the sanctions are imposed by the United Nations.
Question #29
Why threatening to change the exchange pattern in an existing economic relationship is often insufficient to guarantee the power of negotiation between states?
- A . It may impact the raw material needed for manufacturing products.
- B . The sender can derive political leverage from the target’s dependence on the gains from a trading relationship
- C . The sender must be willing to sacrifice some of its gains from trade
- D . It will domestically impact the sender economy
- E . If an exchange is taking place between two rational economic actors, then the terms of exchange can be assumed to be Pareto optimal
Correct Answer: B,C,E
B,C,E
Explanation:
If the sender itself is willing to sacrifice some of its profits from trade in exchange for new political demands and the sender derives political leverage from the target’s reliance on the gains from a trading relationship. The sender must be willing to sacrifice some of its trade gains because, ideally, if there is an exchange between two rational economic actors, then it can be assumed that the terms of exchange are optimal for Pareto.
B,C,E
Explanation:
If the sender itself is willing to sacrifice some of its profits from trade in exchange for new political demands and the sender derives political leverage from the target’s reliance on the gains from a trading relationship. The sender must be willing to sacrifice some of its trade gains because, ideally, if there is an exchange between two rational economic actors, then it can be assumed that the terms of exchange are optimal for Pareto.
Question #30
What happened when the Council applied its first sanctions regime, against the illegal white minority regime in Southern Rhodesia?
- A . The council neglected both Articles 39 and 41.
- B . The council made a determination of the type envisaged by both Article 39 and 41.
- C . The Council has discontinued acknowledging Article 39.
- D . The Council has tended not to invoke both Articles 39 and 41.
- E . It expressly invoked both Articles 39 and 41 of the Council as the basis for its action.
Correct Answer: E
E
Explanation:
When the Council applied its first sanctions regime, against the illegal white minority regime in Southern Rhodesia, it expressly invoked both Articles 39 and 41 of the Council as the basis for its action.
E
Explanation:
When the Council applied its first sanctions regime, against the illegal white minority regime in Southern Rhodesia, it expressly invoked both Articles 39 and 41 of the Council as the basis for its action.
Question #31
Which of the following could affect the pursuit and implementation of incentive policies?
- A . Institutional struggle
- B . Partisan struggle
- C . Individual Struggle
- D . Factional struggle
- E . National Struggle
Correct Answer: A,B,D
A,B,D
Explanation:
Institutional, partisan, or factional struggle may also affect the pursuit and implementation of incentive policies.
A,B,D
Explanation:
Institutional, partisan, or factional struggle may also affect the pursuit and implementation of incentive policies.
Question #32
How can a state, even during peaceful relations, bring pressure on another state without actual war?
- A . Through Pacific Blockade
- B . Through Round Table Conference
- C . Through Article 12
- D . Through necessary determinations
- E . By using any of the above options
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
The pacific blockade evolved in the nineteenth century as an alternative measure of coercion short of war. It is exercised by a great power to bring pressure to bear on a weaker state without war. Previously, international law had considered any blockade to be warfare. By the end of the nineteenth century, international law could not credibly limit the use of blindness.
A
Explanation:
The pacific blockade evolved in the nineteenth century as an alternative measure of coercion short of war. It is exercised by a great power to bring pressure to bear on a weaker state without war. Previously, international law had considered any blockade to be warfare. By the end of the nineteenth century, international law could not credibly limit the use of blindness.
Question #33
Asset freezing legislation generally permits a person to make which of the following payments into a frozen account without the need for a license from OFSI, so long as those funds are frozen after being paid in:
- A . Any interest or earnings on the account
- B . Any payments due to a designated person under contracts, agreement or obligations that were concluded or arose before the date the person became sanctioned
- C . Any interest or earnings that is not on the account
- D . Any payment from an unknown source
Correct Answer: A,B
A,B
Explanation:
Asset freezing legislation generally permits a person to make the following payments into a frozen account without the need for a license from OFSI, so long as those funds are frozen after being paid in:
• Any interest or earnings on the account
• Any payments due to a designated person under contracts, agreement or obligations that were concluded or arose before the date the person became sanctioned
The legislation also generally permits, without the need for a license, a relevant institution to credit a frozen account with payments from a third party, provided that the incoming funds are also frozen and that it informs OFSI of the transaction without delay
A,B
Explanation:
Asset freezing legislation generally permits a person to make the following payments into a frozen account without the need for a license from OFSI, so long as those funds are frozen after being paid in:
• Any interest or earnings on the account
• Any payments due to a designated person under contracts, agreement or obligations that were concluded or arose before the date the person became sanctioned
The legislation also generally permits, without the need for a license, a relevant institution to credit a frozen account with payments from a third party, provided that the incoming funds are also frozen and that it informs OFSI of the transaction without delay
Question #34
In Resolution 661 (1990), the Council requested all States to avoid:
- A . Availability of any funds or other cash flow assets to the Iraqi Government, any commercial or public service undertaking in Iraq or Kuwait, or to persons or bodies within Iraq or Kuwait.
- B . Importation of all goods and services originating in Malaysia.
- C . Exports of goods and services to Iraq.
- D . Activities intended to promote the export of some goods or services from Iraq.
- E . Exports of goods and services to Malaysia.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
A,C,D
Explanation:
(a) The importation of all products and commodities originating in Iraq; (b) the promotion of the exportation from Iraq of any products or commodities; (c) the exportation to Iraq of goods and commodities; and (d) the provision to the Iraqi Government, to any commercial, industrial or public utility undertaking in Iraq or Kuwait, or any individual or entity within Iraq or Kuwait, of any funds or other financial or ecological resources;
A,C,D
Explanation:
(a) The importation of all products and commodities originating in Iraq; (b) the promotion of the exportation from Iraq of any products or commodities; (c) the exportation to Iraq of goods and commodities; and (d) the provision to the Iraqi Government, to any commercial, industrial or public utility undertaking in Iraq or Kuwait, or any individual or entity within Iraq or Kuwait, of any funds or other financial or ecological resources;
Question #35
Under what objective does the Security Council has imposed sanctions to facilitate the return of refugees and displaced persons in the Former Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY)?
- A . Promoting good governance
- B . Facilitating the establishment and consolidation of peace
- C . Bringing about disarmament or arms control
- D . Facilitating the exercise or protection of human rights
- E . Ending a rebellion, invasion, or external interference
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
The Security Council has imposed sanctions with the objective of facilitating the exercise or protection of human rights on a number of occasions and this sanction have been applied to facilitate the return of refugees and displaced person in Former Republic of Yugoslavia.
D
Explanation:
The Security Council has imposed sanctions with the objective of facilitating the exercise or protection of human rights on a number of occasions and this sanction have been applied to facilitate the return of refugees and displaced person in Former Republic of Yugoslavia.
Question #36
If there is going to be a member state resorting to war in breach of the Covenant then state the final judgment for them?
- A . It would be subject to automatic sanctions
- B . There will be reprisal blockade for it
- C . All economic or financial ties for this will be cut
- D . Forms of violence would fall short of the use of force envisaged for it
- E . There will be reprisal blockade for it and all economic or financial ties for this will be cut
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
A Member State that resorted to war in breach of the Covenant would be subject to sanctions automatically according to the text of the League’s sanctions.
A
Explanation:
A Member State that resorted to war in breach of the Covenant would be subject to sanctions automatically according to the text of the League’s sanctions.
Question #37
When requesting information from you, OFSI will not specify which of the following:
- A . The legislative basis for the request
- B . The time period within which the information is to be provided to us
- C . The manner in which the information should be provided
- D . The importance of the request
- E . The dispute surrounding the request
Correct Answer: A,B,C
A,B,C
Explanation:
When requesting information from you, OFSI will specify:
• The legislative basis for the request
• The time period within which the information is to be provided to us
• In some circumstances, OFSI may specify the manner in which the information should be provided
A,B,C
Explanation:
When requesting information from you, OFSI will specify:
• The legislative basis for the request
• The time period within which the information is to be provided to us
• In some circumstances, OFSI may specify the manner in which the information should be provided
Question #38
How the offending party can withdraw or correct defective filings?
- A . The safe harbor provision offers the offending party an opportunity to withdraw or correct defective filings
- B . By appealing to the court
- C . By correlating the response, in hours and funds expended, to the merit of the claims
- D . Through mitigating factor resulting in a lesser sanction
- E . Through mitigate expenses to a reasonable extent
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
The safe harbour provision provides an opportunity for the offending party to withdraw or correct defective filings, the party moving for penalties will still need to provide adequate “safe harbour” notice to mitigate damages.
A
Explanation:
The safe harbour provision provides an opportunity for the offending party to withdraw or correct defective filings, the party moving for penalties will still need to provide adequate “safe harbour” notice to mitigate damages.
Question #39
Which acts were born of a sense of frustration and necessity in Congress?
- A . Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
- B . National Banking Act of 1963
- C . Helms-Burton Act of 1996
- D . CDA of 1992
- E . Militia Act of 1991
Correct Answer: C,D
C,D
Explanation:
The 1992 CDA and the 1996 LIBERTAD Act (‘Helms-Burton) were born out of a sense of frustration and necessity in Congress. The LIBERATED ACT is a united state federal law which strengthens and continues the United States embargo against Cuba and the CDA act was the first notable attempt by the United States Congress to regulate pornographic material on the Internet
C,D
Explanation:
The 1992 CDA and the 1996 LIBERTAD Act (‘Helms-Burton) were born out of a sense of frustration and necessity in Congress. The LIBERATED ACT is a united state federal law which strengthens and continues the United States embargo against Cuba and the CDA act was the first notable attempt by the United States Congress to regulate pornographic material on the Internet
Question #40
Which of the following is/are international initiatives that have been undertaken to develop and hone political approaches to the targeting of sanctions?
- A . The Interlaken Process
- B . The UN Security Council Process
- C . The Bonn-Berlin Process
- D . The Stockholm Process on the Implementation of Targeted UN Sanctions
- E . The Targeted Financial Sanctions Process
Correct Answer: A,C,D
A,C,D
Explanation:
Since the late 1990s, three international initiatives have been undertaken to develop and hone political approaches to the targeting of sanctions, with the goal of increasing their effectiveness. The Interlaken Process, was initiated by the Swiss Government in 1998 and focused on targeted financial sanctions.
The Bonn-Berlin Process, organized by the Foreign Office of Germany in 2000, focused on arms embargoes and travel sanctions.
The Stockholm Process on the Implementation of Targeted UN Sanctions, was coordinated by the Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and took place during 2002
A,C,D
Explanation:
Since the late 1990s, three international initiatives have been undertaken to develop and hone political approaches to the targeting of sanctions, with the goal of increasing their effectiveness. The Interlaken Process, was initiated by the Swiss Government in 1998 and focused on targeted financial sanctions.
The Bonn-Berlin Process, organized by the Foreign Office of Germany in 2000, focused on arms embargoes and travel sanctions.
The Stockholm Process on the Implementation of Targeted UN Sanctions, was coordinated by the Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and took place during 2002
Question #41
Which of the following is/are not OFSI’s approach to ‘extraordinary expenses’ licensing ground:
- A . This must be an expense of the designated person and it must be extraordinary in nature (so no recurring or easily anticipated)
- B . It cannot be used where other grounds are more suitable or as a way of avoiding the clear limitations of those other grounds
- C . This must not be an expense of the designated person and it must be extraordinary in nature (so no recurring or easily anticipated)
- D . It can be used where other grounds are more suitable or as a way of avoiding the clear limitations of those other grounds
Correct Answer: C,D
C,D
Explanation:
The following are OFSI’s approach to ‘extraordinary expenses’ licensing ground:
• This must be the expense of the designated person and it must be extraordinary in nature (so no recurring or easily anticipated).
• It cannot be used where other grounds are more suitable or as a way of avoiding the clear limitations of those other grounds.
C,D
Explanation:
The following are OFSI’s approach to ‘extraordinary expenses’ licensing ground:
• This must be the expense of the designated person and it must be extraordinary in nature (so no recurring or easily anticipated).
• It cannot be used where other grounds are more suitable or as a way of avoiding the clear limitations of those other grounds.
Question #42
Some of the sanction episodes are confidential, while others are highly transparent. For the latter situations, there are significant listeners, thereby posing the question of costs to the public.
Which of the following is the example of the latter?
- A . The case of Pyongyang’s nuclear program
- B . The US attempt to deter South Korea’s nuclear program
- C . Washington’s use of co-optation program
- D . The policy of reconciliation toward Castro’s Cuba
- E . The US attempt to enhance South Korea’s nuclear program
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
The US attempt to deter South Koreaâ™s nuclear program was a secret sanction episode. By threatening or enforcing restrictions, the sender sends a warning to the planet, not just the target, of its utility plan. In turn, it is said that it is more concerned with independence in Haiti, civil rights in China, or ethnic equality in South Africa than with economic revenues and foreign investment.
B
Explanation:
The US attempt to deter South Koreaâ™s nuclear program was a secret sanction episode. By threatening or enforcing restrictions, the sender sends a warning to the planet, not just the target, of its utility plan. In turn, it is said that it is more concerned with independence in Haiti, civil rights in China, or ethnic equality in South Africa than with economic revenues and foreign investment.
Question #43
Which of the following replaced the United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM) in late 1999?
- A . United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR)
- B . United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)
- C . International Independent Investigation Commission (UNIIIC)
- D . United Nations Security Council (UNSC)
- E . United Nations Monitoring Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC)
Correct Answer: E
E
Explanation:
United Nations Monitoring Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC)
UNSCOM was duly established, and it oversaw the monitoring of the Iraq disarmament program until the UNMOVIC replaced it in late 1999.
E
Explanation:
United Nations Monitoring Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC)
UNSCOM was duly established, and it oversaw the monitoring of the Iraq disarmament program until the UNMOVIC replaced it in late 1999.
Question #44
All of the following are functions of the HM Treasury (Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation) except?
- A . UK’s competent authority for implementing financial sanctions
- B . Makes designations under UK domestic regimes
- C . Can impose monetary penalties
- D . Negotiates all international sanctions
Correct Answer: A,B,C
A,B,C
Explanation:
It is the duty of the HM Treasury to implement financial sanctions, make designations under UK domestic regimes and impose monetary penalties. It is the duty of the Foreign & Commonwealth Office to negotiates all international sanctions.
A,B,C
Explanation:
It is the duty of the HM Treasury to implement financial sanctions, make designations under UK domestic regimes and impose monetary penalties. It is the duty of the Foreign & Commonwealth Office to negotiates all international sanctions.
Question #45
Which of the following best describes the Supreme Court’s rule with respect to overruling criminal penalties imposed for misrepresentations in court filings?
- A . The relevant documents referred to in, and exhibited with, the said affidavit which must include true copies of the judgments with which the application is concerned that is, both of the court below and the court of the first instance verified by affidavit must be provided
- B . False statements in judicial proceedings are not punishable under 18 U.S.C. § 1001, the federal false-statements statute
- C . The respondent may, if he so desires, file in reply to a counter affidavit not later than two days before the hearing date
- D . An order shall apply to the Court from the court below in civil cases, and to matters related thereto
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
Overruling criminal penalties imposed for misrepresentations in court filings, the Supreme Court has ruled that false statements in judicial proceedings are not punishable under 18 U.S.C. § 1001, the federal false-statements statute.
B
Explanation:
Overruling criminal penalties imposed for misrepresentations in court filings, the Supreme Court has ruled that false statements in judicial proceedings are not punishable under 18 U.S.C. § 1001, the federal false-statements statute.